Type Casting

Type casting requests a conversion such as (int) or (string), but a cast is not validation. For example, arbitrary text cast to an integer can become zero. Validate external values first with a suitable filter or application rule, then convert the validated result to the type your code expects. This example accepts only an integer-shaped value and handles invalid input instead of quietly treating it as zero. Further guidance Inspect a value before relying on an implicit conversion. Keep input validation separate from casting, use strict comparisons when type matters, and choose an explicit representation for values such as money or optional data. Try normal, empty, and unexpected inputs so the result is deliberate. Practice task: Create a fresh example for Type Casting. Predict the result before running it, then change one input and explain why the result changes. Test a normal case and one boundary or invalid case where it applies. Compare your output with the example and note one rule you would use in a real project.